Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women live longer than men? Why the advantage has grown over time? The evidence is sketchy and we have only incomplete solutions. Although we know that there are biological, behavioral and environmental variables which all play a part in the longevity of women over males, it isn't clear what percentage each factor plays in.

In spite of how much number of pounds, we know that a large portion of the reason why women live longer than men today but not in the past, is to have to do with the fact that several important non-biological aspects have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Other are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are over the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl from any country can be expected to live for longer than her brothers.

This graph shows that although women have an advantage everywhere, العاب زوجية cross-country differences could be significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men, while in Bhutan the gap is less than half one year.

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The advantage of women in terms of life expectancy was lower in rich countries as compared to the present.
Let's look at the way that female advantages in longevity has changed with time. The chart below shows men and women's life expectancies at the birth in the US between 1790 to 2014. Two specific points stand out.

There is an upward trend. Both men and women in the US are living much, much longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is increasing: While the advantage of women in life expectancy was quite small however, العاب زوجية it has grown significantly over time.

Using the option 'Change country from the chart, you will be able to check that these two points are also applicable to the other countries having available data: Sweden, France and the UK.