Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women live longer than men? What is the reason has this advantage gotten larger over time? There is only limited evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to support a definitive conclusion. We know that biological, behavioral and environmental factors play a role in the fact that women are healthier than men; However, we're not sure how significant the impact of each factor تحاميل مهبلية is.

We are aware that women are living longer than men, regardless of weight. But, this is not because of certain biological or non-biological factors have changed. What are the factors that are changing? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are over the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl from every country could be expected to live for longer than her brothers.

The chart above shows that, while the advantage for women is present everywhere, global differences are significant. In Russia women have a longer life span than men, while in Bhutan the gap is less than half one year.

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The female advantage in life expectancy was smaller in developed countries that it is today.
Let's look at the way that female advantages in longevity has changed over time. The chart below shows male and female life expectancy at the time of birth in the US in the years 1790-2014. Two areas stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Men as well as women in the US live much, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an increase in the gap between men and تحاميل مهبلية women: female advantage in life expectancy used to be very modest however it increased dramatically in the past century.

By selecting 'Change Country from the chart, you are able to determine if these two points are applicable to other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.