Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so much longer than men today and why is this difference growing in the past? The evidence is sketchy and we're left with only limited solutions. We know there are behavioral, biological, and environmental factors which all play a part in women's longevity more than men, we do not know the extent to which each factor plays a role.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that at least a portion of the reason why women live longer than men today however not as in the past, has to have to do with the fact that certain fundamental non-biological factors have changed. What are these changing factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and ابر التخسيس women. It is clear that all countries are over the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl from every country could anticipate to live longer than her younger brother.

Interestingly, this chart shows that while the female advantage is present everywhere, global differences are significant. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than males; while in Bhutan the difference is just half an hour.

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In countries with high incomes, the advantage of women in longevity used to be smaller
Let's look at how the gender advantage in longevity has changed with time. The next chart compares the life expectancy of males and females at birth in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two aspects stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Men and women in America have longer lives than they used to a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is growing: Although the female advantage in terms of life expectancy was tiny, it has increased substantially over time.

You can confirm that these are applicable to other countries with information by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.