Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so more than men do today and why has this advantage increased in the past? There isn't much evidence and we have only some answers. While we are aware that there are behavioral, biological and environmental variables which play a significant role in the longevity of women over males, we aren't sure how much each one contributes.

Independently of the exact amount, we can say that at a minimum, the reason women live so much longer than men but not previously, is to be due to the fact that some fundamental non-biological factors have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and زيوت تطويل الشعر (visit Glorynote`s official website) relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal line of parity - this means in all countries a newborn girl can expect to live for longer than a new boy.1

Interestingly, زيوت تطويل الشعر this chart shows that while the female advantage exists across all countries, the cross-country differences are large. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than males; while in Bhutan the difference is less than half one year.

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In countries with high incomes, the women's advantage in longevity used to be smaller
Let's now look at how the advantage of women in longevity has changed with time. The following chart shows the male and female life expectancy at the time of birth in the US from 1790 until 2014. Two things stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Both genders in America live longer than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is getting wider: Although the advantage of women in terms of life expectancy was very small but it has risen significantly over time.

If you select the option "Change country by country' in the chart, you are able to determine if these two points also apply to the other countries with available data: Sweden, France and the UK.