Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live much longer than men today and why is this difference growing in the past? There is only limited evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to draw an unambiguous conclusion. We know there are biological, psychological as well as environmental factors that play an integral role in women living longer than males, we aren't sure what percentage each factor plays in.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that at least part of the reason women live so much longer than men in the present but not previously, is to be due to the fact that several significant non-biological elements have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As we can see, all countries are above the diagonal parity line ; it means that in all nations that a baby girl can be expected to live longer than a new boy.1

This chart shows that, while there is a female advantage across all countries, differences between countries can be significant. In Russia women live for 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan the difference is just half a year.

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In the richer countries, the advantage of women in longevity was not as great.
Let's take a look at how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows male and female life expectancies when they were born in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two things stand ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور out.

First, there is an upward trend. Men as well as women in the US live much, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an increase in the gap between men and women: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used to be very modest but it increased substantially over the last century.

You can confirm that these points are also applicable to other countries that have data by selecting the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.