Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so much longer than men today, and why has this advantage increased over time? The evidence is limited and we're left with only partial solutions. We are aware that behavioral, biological and زيوت تطويل الشعر environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women have longer life spans than men, however, we do not know how significant the impact to each of these variables is.

It is known that women live longer than men, regardless of their weight. But, this is not because of certain biological factors have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line , this means that in all countries that a baby girl can be expected to live for longer than a new boy.1

This graph shows that although there is a women's advantage across all countries, differences between countries are often significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan there is a difference of only half a year.

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The advantage for women in life expectancy was smaller in developed countries than it is now.
Let's take a look at how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The following chart shows the male and female life expectancy at the birth in the US during the period 1790-2014. Two areas stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Men and women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, there's an increasing gap: زيوت تطويل الشعر The female advantage in life expectancy used be extremely small however it increased dramatically in the past century.

By selecting 'Change Country in the chart, verify that these two points are applicable to other countries that have available information: Sweden, France and the UK.