Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women live longer than men? And why has this advantage gotten larger over time? The evidence isn't conclusive and we have only limited solutions. We recognize that biological, behavioral and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women live longer than men; however, we aren't sure how significant the impact of each of these factors is.

It is known that women live longer than males, regardless of weight. However this is not because of certain non-biological factors have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Other are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are above the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl in every country can anticipate to live longer than her older brother.

The chart below shows that although there is a women's advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries are often significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than males; while in Bhutan the difference is just half each year.

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The advantage of women in life expectancy was smaller in developed countries than it is now.
Let's examine how the advantage of women in longevity has changed with time. The chart below illustrates the men and women's life expectancies at the birth in the US in the years 1790 to 2014. Two distinct features stand كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام out.

First, there is an upward trend. as well as women in the US live much, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is getting wider: كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام Although the advantage of women in life expectancy was quite small but it has risen significantly with time.

You can check if the points you've listed are applicable to other countries with information by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.