Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What makes women live longer than men and why have these advantages gotten bigger in the past? The evidence isn't conclusive and we only have partial solutions. We know that biological, behavioral and اضيق وضعية للجماع environmental factors contribute to the fact that women have longer lives than men, but we don't know exactly how significant the impact of each of these factors is.

We know that women live longer than men, regardless of weight. But it is not because of certain biological factors have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Certain are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl from every country could anticipate to live longer than her brother.

This chart is interesting in that it shows that while the female advantage is present everywhere, global differences are significant. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than males; while in Bhutan the difference is just half an hour.

__S.17__
__S.19__
In countries with high incomes, the female advantage in longevity was smaller
Let's examine how the female advantage in life expectancy has changed over time. The next chart plots the life expectancy of males and اضيق وضعية للجماع females when they were born in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two points stand out.

There is an upward trend. as well as women in the US are living much, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an ever-widening gap: female advantage in life expectancy used be very small however it increased dramatically over the last century.

When you click on the option "Change country by country' in the chart, you are able to determine if these two points are also applicable to other countries with available data: Sweden, France and the UK.