Why Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What makes women live much longer than men today, and why does this benefit increase over time? There isn't much evidence and we're left with only partial answers. Although we know that there are biological, behavioral and environmental variables that all play a role in the longevity of women over men, we don't know what percentage each factor plays in.

We have learned that women live longer than men, regardless of weight. However it is not because of certain non-biological factors have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Certain are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are above the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl in every country can be expected to live for longer than her brother.

Interestingly, this chart shows that, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور while the advantage for women is present everywhere, difference between countries is huge. In Russia women are 10 years older than men. In Bhutan the difference is less than half an hour.

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In rich countries the women's advantage in longevity used to be smaller
We will now examine how the advantage of women in terms of longevity has changed over time. The following chart shows the men and women's life expectancies at the time of birth in the US during the period 1790-2014. Two things stand out.

First, there's an upward trend. and women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is growing: Although the female advantage in life expectancy used to be extremely small but it has risen significantly with time.

By selecting 'Change Country' on the chart, you will be able to check that these two points are also applicable to the other countries with available information: Sweden, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور (glorynote.com) France and the UK.