Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live much longer than men today, and why does this benefit increase over time? There is only limited evidence and the evidence isn't strong enough to make an absolute conclusion. We know that biological, behavioral and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women have longer life spans than men, however, we aren't sure what the contribution of each of these factors is.

We know that women are living longer than males, regardless of weight. However, this is not due to the fact that certain biological factors have changed. What are these factors that have changed? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for اضيق وضعية للجماع survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As we can see, all countries are above the diagonal parity line ; it means that in all nations baby girls can expect to live for longer than a new boy.1

It is interesting to note that, while the advantage for women is present everywhere, global differences are significant. In Russia women live for 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan the difference is less that half a year.

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In rich countries the longevity advantage for women was not as great.
We will now examine the way that female advantages in longevity has changed with time. The next chart compares the male and female lifespans at birth in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two distinct features stand اضيق وضعية للجماع out.

First, there is an upward trend. and women in the US are living much, much longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is getting wider: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy used to be quite small, it has increased substantially in the past.

You can confirm that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries that have data by selecting the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.