Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women have a longer life span than men? What is the reason does this benefit increase over time? The evidence is sketchy and we have only some solutions. We recognize that biological, behavioral and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women live longer than men; but we don't know exactly what the contribution of each factor is.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that at least part of the reason women live so much longer than men do today, but not previously, has to be due to the fact that certain significant non-biological elements have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that every country is above the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl in every country can expect to live longer than her brothers.

This chart shows that, even though women enjoy an advantage in all countries, the differences across countries are often significant. In Russia women live for 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan, العاب زوجية the difference is just half a year.

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The advantage for women in terms of life expectancy was lower in rich countries than it is today.
Let's look at how female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The next chart compares the life expectancy of males and females when they were born in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two distinct features stand العاب زوجية out.

There is an upward trend: Men as well as women in the US are living much, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is a widening gap: The female advantage in terms of life expectancy used to be quite small, but it grew substantially over the last century.

If you select the option "Change country in the chart, you will be able to determine if these two points apply to other countries that have available data: Sweden, France and the UK.