Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women have a longer life span than men? And why does this benefit increase in the past? The evidence is sketchy and we have only some solutions. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women have longer lives than men, however, we aren't sure what the contribution of each one of these factors is.

It is known that women are living longer than males, regardless of weight. But it is not due to the fact that certain biological or non-biological factors have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for كيفية إقامة علاقة بالصور survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity - which means that in every country that a baby girl can be expected to live longer than a newborn boy.1

The chart above shows that the advantage of women exists across all countries, the difference between countries is huge. In Russia women are 10 years older than men; in Bhutan the gap is just half one year.

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The advantage of women in life expectancy was less in developed countries that it is today.
Let's look at how the advantage of women in life expectancy has changed over time. The chart below shows gender-based and female-specific life expectancy at birth in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two things stand out.

First, there's an upward trend. Both men as well as women in the US live a lot, كيفية إقامة علاقة بالصور much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is widening: While the advantage of women in life expectancy was extremely small It has significantly increased over time.

It is possible to verify that these are applicable to other countries with data by clicking the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.